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When savannahs become deserts and deserts turn into savannahs

"The desert moves" and was moving thousands of years ago. Archaeological finds in southern Egypt provide evidence that the present-day desert must once have been a landscape of savannahs in which it was possible to hunt, graze livestock and harvest wild grain. In a 25 meter deep salt lake in the remote region of north east Chad it was possible to take a drilling sample which gives a complete record of climate and environmental changes over the last five thousand years and can show, for example, whether there was a dust storm or plague of locusts in the region in summer 1664 BC. The microscope image shows whether a corn of sand was transported to the present-day desert by wind or by water.


<b>Savannah </b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne. <b>Desert </b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne. <b>Desert  </b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

<b>Soil erosion</b><br>Soil erosion represents an acute danger for the lives of human beings and animals. The  habitat of plants such as trees and cereals disappears along with the fertile soil,  thus  destroying the possibility of sustaining life.

<b>Rainy season in Ombivango, Namibia</b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

<b>Dry season in Ombivango, Namibia</b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

<b>Drifting dune</b><br>Where a short time ago there was a road, there are now sand hills several meters high. The desert lives - it is always on the move.<br>This 10 m high barchan moved 78 m between 1999 and 2006.<br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

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