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Adopting and sharing – Survival in deserts and savannahs

The basis of a population’s livelihood changes with environmental changes. The populations who lead a partly sedentary and partly nomadic life in the arid zones of Africa have to adapt repeatedly to environmental and political conditions. Thus, in times of drought, Himba women in Namibia tighten their belts in the literal sense of the word in order to reduce the feeling of hunger. The Zaghawa in Chad reduce their foodstuffs to powder form to make them go further. The Hai//om of Namibia shared the animals killed in the hunt according to well-defined rules in order to guarantee a supply for everyone. The inhabitants of Fransfontein in Namibia help each other out with food and other objects of everyday use when things are in short supply.


<b>Making morning tea in Fransfontein</b><br>"Autere sugari" - "Give me sugar". The day begins in Fransfontein (Namibia) with this daily request when people drink their morning tea. Sharing and bartering food, washing powder, sugar, firewood or tobacco is a fundamental social principle of the Namibian community, which acts as a form of mutual insurance as most families only occasionally have hard cash at their disposal.<br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne. <b>Zaghawa girls with okra</b><br>The Zaghawa cultivate millet, tomatoes and okra - the most important ingredients for <i>Go Shou Sharmout</i>, a dish with millet.<br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne. <b>Zaghawa on their way to their field</b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

<b>A ferik (herdsmen camp)</b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

<b>Himba woman milking </b><br>Cattle are of special importance for the Himba in the Kunene region of Namibia. In an environment frequently threatened by drought the survival of the herds ensures the survival of the community.<br>© Lambro Tsiliyiannis 2006.

<b>Zaghawa women afield</b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

<b>Zaghawa women</b><br>© Sonderforschungsbereich 389 (ACACIA), University of Cologne.

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